Training Focus
The LS OBSERVER system training introduces the features of the LS OBSERVER based monitoring units and the principles of operation as sensor-based systems.
The course contains the detailed description of the operation of all features and allows the participants to perform practical tasks with the LS OBSERVER system.
The service-oriented system configuration and architecture, the remote control of measurement units, the measurement data download, multiple geolocation methods, the analysis of measurement results and direction finding techniques will be presented. The participants will have the possibility to use the equipment for practical tasks during the training. Information about maintenance requirements and configuration of the system are also covered by the training.

Course Objectives
The training enables the participants to become familiar with the LS OBSERVER monitoring units and the associated software module LS OBSERVER CMS. They will understand the functionalities, handling the GUI and learn how to perform measurements and analysis with the focus on remote controlled monitoring, geolocation and direction finding. Finally, they will see how a fully integrated spectrum management (e.g. SPECTRAplus) and monitoring system can be managed and be used for combined tasks (e.g. automatic violation detection).

Intended for
This course is intended for monitoring personal who have a basic knowledge of radio monitoring and geolocation methods and who need to operate LS OBSERVER units for measurement, direction finding and analysis tasks

Contents

•     Global overview of the LS OBSERVER service-oriented architecture
•     Typical system and network setup and configuration
•     GUI concept and handling
•     Wide-band measurements
•     Fixed frequency measurements
•     Recording of the measurement results
•     Direction Finding AoA measurements
•     Geolocation with TDoA and GROA+®
•     DF Time Travel® AoA combination of TDoA, GROA+® and AoA results
•     Data handling, download from remote monitoring units

Date
17. - 19.10.2023

Duration
3 Days

Course Fee
1,995 € (excluding VAT)

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Training Focus
This course is based on the latest ITU-R and CEPT recommendations, reports and handbooks and provides an introduction into the most common spectrum monitoring and measurements techniques. It is also presented theoretical background and practical examples that help in understanding specifics of administrative radio monitoring. The training concludes with number of practical examples.

Course Objectives
After the training, the participants will be able to understand standards, the procedures and methods of the most common monitoring measurements, to distinguish between different measurements technologies, to respect technical limitations of measurement equipment, to present results to different user groups on a simple way.

Intended for
This course is intended for those who have a basic knowledge of radio communications and electromagnetic wave propagation, who are interested in spectrum monitoring measurement and techniques and who may be employed in regulatory authorities that supposed to execute spectrum monitoring measurements, reporting and providing early warnings to policy makers.

Contents

•     General expectations of spectrum monitoring
•     Utilization of radio monitoring results
•     Manual monitoring (ITU/ECC references, proposed procedure)
•     Channel & band occupancy (ITU R1, ERO/ECC )
•     Monitoring of broadcast
•     Interference description, detection, reporting
•     Analysis of results and reporting
•     Automated monitoring
•     Detection of regulatory unauthorized utilizations
•     Inspection/certification/technical acceptance
•     Monitoring of digitally modulated signals
•     Real time radio occupancy monitoring (for utilizing of whitespace)
•     General license compatibility monitoring (like SRD/ISM/WiFi)
•     Monitoring of assignments (like cellular access systems or MMDS)
•     Areal monitoring (geolocation of low power sources)
•     Interpretation of results and publishing (what, why and when to publish)

Date
04. - 05.12.2023

Duration
2 Days

Course Fee
1.395 EUR (excl. VAT)

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Training Focus

This course gives an introduction to practical spectrum monitoring measurements. Delegates will follow practical examples to illustrate the limitations of spectrum monitoring measurements. The monitoring network installed at LS telcom’s headquarters will be used to show practical examples.

Course Objectives

After completing the training delegates will be aware how practical spectrum monitoring measurements under real-life conditions will be performed and understand the limitations in the RF field. They will get introduced on the estimation of expected measurement results, judging the quality of the measurements performed and planning measurement campaigns.

Intended for

Regulatory authorities’ staff members supposed to execute spectrum monitoring measurements.

Contents

• Overview of spectrum monitoring tasks
• Monitoring tasks and selection of equipment
• Distinguishing between real signals and intermodulation products
• Limitations due to the real-life environment
• Basic measurements
• Signal identification
• Locating signals including Interference hunting techniques, DF methods and limitation

Date
06. - 08.12.2023

Duration
3 Days

Course Fee
2,370 EUR (excl. VAT)

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Training Focus
Radio transmitters produce electromagnetic fields which members of the public may be exposed to. In order to assess people’s safety their exposure must be measured and compared with the appropriate limits. This course will focus on the measurement of general public exposure; in addition, some aspects of occupational exposure are discussed. The training will be held on classroom in LS telcom training facilities. The lecture will be supported by practical measurements of real life radio signals by nearby RF transmitters.

Course Objectives
After completing the Online Training, delegates will be able to perform measurements of RF exposure caused by different radio services which follow the correct measurement methodology, equipment settings and post processing. They will also understand the philosophy behind the exposure limits.

Intended for
This course is intended for those who have basic knowledge in RF wireless communication techniques and understanding in spectrum analyzer, who are interested in measurement of human exposure to RF electromagnetic fields and who may be employed in regulatory authorities, environmental agencies, radiation protection authorities, health and safety departments of network operators or measurement laboratories.

Contents

• ICNIRP‘s RF exposure limits philosophy, outlook to new ICNIRP RF guidelines
• Status of current biological research
• Basic measurement principles
• Derivation of an appropriate measurement methodology
• Review of existing measurement standards
• Correct measurements of FM, DAB, DVB-T, GSM, UMTS, LTE, TETRA, DECT, WLAN, and radar exposures; outlook to 5G
• Measurement report and uncertainty budget, typical sources of error
• Measurement strategies
• &Measurement practice on real life signals

Date
25. - 27.09.2023

Course Fee
2,570 € (excluding VAT)

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Training Focus
The main focus of the workshop is on the measurements and evaluation of high-frequency electromagnetic fields generated by 5G Base Stations to ensure compliance with RF exposure safety standards.
The workshop is divided in the following blocks. It is mainly aimed at persons regularly working in the field of RF exposure measurement and assessment, e.g.

• Employees of regulatory and licensing authorities,
• Employees of federal radiation protection authorities, environmental ministries and agencies,
• Occupational safety officers of mobile network operators,
• Personnel of expert offices for the measurement of electromagnetic fields in the context of personal protection.

Contents
The workshop will focus on the correct determination of the maximum possible radiofrequency fields generated by 5G base stations at the measurement location. In detail, the following topics will be covered:

Basics:

• Important differences of 5G systems compared to 4G (LTE) systems.
• Influence of beamforming antennas on the exposure situation.
• Challenges for a correct exposure determination at 5G sites with beamforming (mMIMO) antennas.

Measurement and Evaluation:

• Measurement of actual 5G field strength level with a spectrum analyzer: Correct setting of the instrument.
• Possible strategies for the determination of maximum possible exposure.
• Determination of the maximum RF emission at 5G sites without mMIMO antennas.
• Determination of the maximum RF emission at 5G sites with mMIMO antennas.
• Comparison of frequency selective and code selective measurements
• Practical demonstration: Code selective measurement of SSS signal.
• Extrapolation of code-selective measurement results to the situation of maximum radiated power using the antenna patterns of broadcast and traffic beams.
• Some examples of measurement and extrapolation results at 5G sites.

Duration
1 Day

Course Fee
880 EUR (excl. VAT)

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Training Focus
The main focus of the workshop is on the measurements and evaluation of high-frequency electromagnetic fields generated by 5G Base Stations to ensure compliance with RF exposure safety standards.
The workshop is divided in the following blocks. It is mainly aimed at persons regularly working in the field of RF exposure measurement and assessment, e.g.

• Employees of regulatory and licensing authorities,
• Employees of federal radiation protection authorities, environmental ministries and agencies,
• Occupational safety officers of mobile network operators,
• Personnel of expert offices for the measurement of electromagnetic fields in the context of personal protection.

Contents
The workshop will focus on the correct determination of the maximum possible radiofrequency fields generated by 5G base stations at the measurement location. In detail, the following topics will be covered:

Basics:

• Important differences of 5G systems compared to 4G (LTE) systems.
• Influence of beamforming antennas on the exposure situation.
• Challenges for a correct exposure determination at 5G sites with beamforming (mMIMO) antennas.

Measurement and Evaluation:

• Measurement of actual 5G field strength level with a spectrum analyzer: Correct setting of the instrument.
• Possible strategies for the determination of maximum possible exposure.
• Determination of the maximum RF emission at 5G sites without mMIMO antennas.
• Determination of the maximum RF emission at 5G sites with mMIMO antennas.
• Comparison of frequency selective and code selective measurements
• Practical demonstration: Code selective measurement of SSS signal.
• Extrapolation of code-selective measurement results to the situation of maximum radiated power using the antenna patterns of broadcast and traffic beams.
• Some examples of measurement and extrapolation results at 5G sites.

Date
28.09.2023 (on-site)

Duration
1 Day

Course Fee
880 EUR (excl. VAT)

Register now!